Скрипты не мои, собраны с ресурсов по MS SQL. Опубликованы скрипты и запросы, которыми сам часто пользуюсь
Большинство скриптов статьи и многие другие представлены в конфигурации:
Обновление однотипных конфигураций, работа с SQL и другие регламентные операции
Обслуживание индексов
Степень фрагментации индексов
Первый запрос показывает текущую фрагментацию индексов базы
SELECT TOP 100
DatbaseName = DB_NAME(),
TableName = OBJECT_NAME(s.[object_id]),
IndexName = i.name,
i.type_desc,
[Fragmentation %] = ROUND(avg_fragmentation_in_percent,2),
page_count,
partition_number,
'alter index [' + i.name + '] on [' + sh.name + '].['+ OBJECT_NAME(s.[object_id]) + '] REBUILD' + case
when p.data_space_id is not null then ' PARTITION = '+convert(varchar(100),partition_number)
else ''
end + ' with(maxdop = 4, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = on)' [sql]
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(db_id(),null, null, null, null) s
INNER JOIN sys.indexes as i ON s.[object_id] = i.[object_id] AND
s.index_id = i.index_id
left join sys.partition_schemes as p on i.data_space_id = p.data_space_id
left join sys.objects o on s.[object_id] = o.[object_id]
left join sys.schemas as sh on sh.[schema_id] = o.[schema_id]
WHERE s.database_id = DB_ID() AND
i.name IS NOT NULL AND
OBJECTPROPERTY(s.[object_id], 'IsMsShipped') = 0 and
page_count > 100 and
avg_fragmentation_in_percent > 10
ORDER BY 4, page_count
Результат запроса:
Реорганизация/Перестроение индексов
Скрипт, приведенный ниже, запускает реорганизацию либо перестроение индексов для таблиц базы исходя из текущей дефрагментации (отбирает индексы, дефрагментированные более 10%, затем. если фрагментация менее 30% - реорганизация индексов, если более или равно 30% - перестроение). Я бы рекомендовал использовать как регламентное задание.
USE [myDB]
GO
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON;
DECLARE @objectid int;
DECLARE @indexid int;
DECLARE @partitioncount bigint;
DECLARE @schemaname nvarchar(130);
DECLARE @objectname nvarchar(130);
DECLARE @indexname nvarchar(130);
DECLARE @partitionnum bigint;
DECLARE @partitions bigint;
DECLARE @frag float;
DECLARE @command nvarchar(4000);
-- Conditionally select tables and indexes from the sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats function
-- and convert object and index IDs to names.
SELECT
object_id AS objectid,
index_id AS indexid,
partition_number AS partitionnum,
avg_fragmentation_in_percent AS frag
INTO #work_to_do
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats (DB_ID(), NULL, NULL , NULL, 'LIMITED')
WHERE avg_fragmentation_in_percent > 10.0 AND index_id > 0;
-- Declare the cursor for the list of partitions to be processed.
DECLARE partitions CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM #work_to_do;
-- Open the cursor.
OPEN partitions;
-- Loop through the partitions.
WHILE (1=1)
BEGIN;
FETCH NEXT
FROM partitions
INTO @objectid, @indexid, @partitionnum, @frag;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS < 0 BREAK;
SELECT @objectname = QUOTENAME(o.name), @schemaname = QUOTENAME(s.name)
FROM sys.objects AS o
JOIN sys.schemas as s ON s.schema_id = o.schema_id
WHERE o.object_id = @objectid;
SELECT @indexname = QUOTENAME(name)
FROM sys.indexes
WHERE object_id = @objectid AND index_id = @indexid;
SELECT @partitioncount = count (*)
FROM sys.partitions
WHERE object_id = @objectid AND index_id = @indexid;
-- 30 is an arbitrary decision point at which to switch between reorganizing and rebuilding.
IF @frag < 30.0
SET @command = N'ALTER INDEX ' + @indexname + N' ON ' + @schemaname + N'.' + @objectname + N' REORGANIZE';
IF @frag >= 30.0
SET @command = N'ALTER INDEX ' + @indexname + N' ON ' + @schemaname + N'.' + @objectname + N' REBUILD';
IF @partitioncount > 1
SET @command = @command + N' PARTITION=' + CAST(@partitionnum AS nvarchar(10));
EXEC (@command);
PRINT N'Executed: ' + @command;
END;
-- Close and deallocate the cursor.
CLOSE partitions;
DEALLOCATE partitions;
-- Drop the temporary table.
DROP TABLE #work_to_do;
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF;
GO
Отсутствующие индексы
Общее количество отсутствующих индексов в базах:
SELECT [DatabaseName] = DB_NAME(database_id),
[Number Indexes Missing] = count(*)
FROM sys.dm_db_missing_index_details
GROUP BY DB_NAME(database_id)
ORDER BY 2 DESC
Отсутствующие индексы, вызывающие высокие издержки:
SELECT TOP 100
[Total Cost] = ROUND(avg_total_user_cost * avg_user_impact * (user_seeks + user_scans),0),
avg_user_impact,
TableName = statement,
[EqualityUsage] = equality_columns,
[InequalityUsage] = inequality_columns,
[Include Cloumns] = included_columns
FROM sys.dm_db_missing_index_groups g
INNER JOIN sys.dm_db_missing_index_group_stats s ON s.group_handle = g.index_group_handle
INNER JOIN sys.dm_db_missing_index_details d ON d.index_handle = g.index_handle
WHERE database_id = DB_ID()
ORDER BY [Total Cost] DESC
Результат запроса:
К анализу недостающих индексов можно еще добавить активность таблиц на чтение/запись:
-- Table Reads and Writes
-- Heap tables out of scope for this query. Heaps do not have indexes.
-- Only lists tables referenced since the last server restart
SELECT @@ServerName AS ServerName ,
DB_NAME() AS DBName ,
OBJECT_NAME(ddius.object_id) AS TableName ,
SUM(ddius.user_seeks + ddius.user_scans + ddius.user_lookups)
AS Reads ,
SUM(ddius.user_updates) AS Writes ,
SUM(ddius.user_seeks + ddius.user_scans + ddius.user_lookups
+ ddius.user_updates) AS [Reads&Writes] ,
( SELECT DATEDIFF(s, create_date, GETDATE()) / 86400.0
FROM master.sys.databases
WHERE name = 'tempdb'
) AS SampleDays ,
( SELECT DATEDIFF(s, create_date, GETDATE()) AS SecoundsRunnig
FROM master.sys.databases
WHERE name = 'tempdb'
) AS SampleSeconds
FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats ddius
INNER JOIN sys.indexes i ON ddius.object_id = i.object_id
AND i.index_id = ddius.index_id
WHERE OBJECTPROPERTY(ddius.object_id, 'IsUserTable') = 1
AND ddius.database_id = DB_ID()
GROUP BY OBJECT_NAME(ddius.object_id)
ORDER BY [Reads&Writes] DESC;
GO
Результат запроса:
Неиспользуемые индексы
-- Create required table structure only.
-- Note: this SQL must be the same as in the Database loop given in the following step.
SELECT TOP 1
DatabaseName = DB_NAME()
,TableName = OBJECT_NAME(s.[object_id])
,IndexName = i.name
,user_updates
,system_updates
-- Useful fields below:
--, *
INTO #TempUnusedIndexes
FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats s
INNER JOIN sys.indexes i ON s.[object_id] = i.[object_id]
AND s.index_id = i.index_id
WHERE s.database_id = DB_ID()
AND OBJECTPROPERTY(s.[object_id], 'IsMsShipped') = 0
AND user_seeks = 0
AND user_scans = 0
AND user_lookups = 0
AND s.[object_id] = -999 -- Dummy value to get table structure.
;
-- Loop around all the databases on the server.
EXEC sp_MSForEachDB 'USE [?];
-- Table already exists.
INSERT INTO #TempUnusedIndexes
SELECT TOP 10
DatabaseName = DB_NAME()
,TableName = OBJECT_NAME(s.[object_id])
,IndexName = i.name
,user_updates
,system_updates
FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats s
INNER JOIN sys.indexes i ON s.[object_id] = i.[object_id]
AND s.index_id = i.index_id
WHERE s.database_id = DB_ID()
AND OBJECTPROPERTY(s.[object_id], ''IsMsShipped'') = 0
AND user_seeks = 0
AND user_scans = 0
AND user_lookups = 0
AND i.name IS NOT NULL -- Ignore HEAP indexes.
ORDER BY user_updates DESC
;
'
-- Select records.
SELECT TOP 100 * FROM #TempUnusedIndexes ORDER BY [user_updates] DESC
-- Tidy up.
DROP TABLE #TempUnusedIndexes
Результат:
Индексы с высокими издержками
-- Create required table structure only.
-- Note: this SQL must be the same as in the Database loop given in the following step.
SELECT TOP 1
[Maintenance cost] = (user_updates + system_updates)
,[Retrieval usage] = (user_seeks + user_scans + user_lookups)
,DatabaseName = DB_NAME()
,TableName = OBJECT_NAME(s.[object_id])
,IndexName = i.name
INTO #TempMaintenanceCost
FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats s
INNER JOIN sys.indexes i ON s.[object_id] = i.[object_id]
AND s.index_id = i.index_id
WHERE s.database_id = DB_ID()
AND OBJECTPROPERTY(s.[object_id], 'IsMsShipped') = 0
AND (user_updates + system_updates) > 0 -- Only report on active rows.
AND s.[object_id] = -999 -- Dummy value to get table structure.
;
-- Loop around all the databases on the server.
EXEC sp_MSForEachDB 'USE [?];
-- Table already exists.
INSERT INTO #TempMaintenanceCost
SELECT TOP 10
[Maintenance cost] = (user_updates + system_updates)
,[Retrieval usage] = (user_seeks + user_scans + user_lookups)
,DatabaseName = DB_NAME()
,TableName = OBJECT_NAME(s.[object_id])
,IndexName = i.name
FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats s
INNER JOIN sys.indexes i ON s.[object_id] = i.[object_id]
AND s.index_id = i.index_id
WHERE s.database_id = DB_ID()
AND i.name IS NOT NULL -- Ignore HEAP indexes.
AND OBJECTPROPERTY(s.[object_id], ''IsMsShipped'') = 0
AND (user_updates + system_updates) > 0 -- Only report on active rows.
ORDER BY [Maintenance cost] DESC
;
'
-- Select records.
SELECT TOP 100 * FROM #TempMaintenanceCost
ORDER BY [Maintenance cost] DESC
-- Tidy up.
DROP TABLE #TempMaintenanceCost
Пример работы:
Часто используемые индексы
-- Create required table structure only.
-- Note: this SQL must be the same as in the Database loop given in the -- following step.
SELECT TOP 1
[Usage] = (user_seeks + user_scans + user_lookups)
,DatabaseName = DB_NAME()
,TableName = OBJECT_NAME(s.[object_id])
,IndexName = i.name
INTO #TempUsage
FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats s
INNER JOIN sys.indexes i ON s.[object_id] = i.[object_id]
AND s.index_id = i.index_id
WHERE s.database_id = DB_ID()
AND OBJECTPROPERTY(s.[object_id], 'IsMsShipped') = 0
AND (user_seeks + user_scans + user_lookups) > 0
-- Only report on active rows.
AND s.[object_id] = -999 -- Dummy value to get table structure.
;
-- Loop around all the databases on the server.
EXEC sp_MSForEachDB 'USE [?];
-- Table already exists.
INSERT INTO #TempUsage
SELECT TOP 10
[Usage] = (user_seeks + user_scans + user_lookups)
,DatabaseName = DB_NAME()
,TableName = OBJECT_NAME(s.[object_id])
,IndexName = i.name
FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats s
INNER JOIN sys.indexes i ON s.[object_id] = i.[object_id]
AND s.index_id = i.index_id
WHERE s.database_id = DB_ID()
AND i.name IS NOT NULL -- Ignore HEAP indexes.
AND OBJECTPROPERTY(s.[object_id], ''IsMsShipped'') = 0
AND (user_seeks + user_scans + user_lookups) > 0 -- Only report on active rows.
ORDER BY [Usage] DESC
;
'
-- Select records.
SELECT TOP 100 * FROM #TempUsage ORDER BY [Usage] DESC
-- Tidy up.
DROP TABLE #TempUsage
Пример работы:
Планы запросов
Самые тяжелые запросы
SELECT TOP 10 SUBSTRING(qt.TEXT, (qs.statement_start_offset/2)+1, ((CASE qs.statement_end_offset WHEN -1 THEN DATALENGTH(qt.TEXT) ELSE qs.statement_end_offset END - qs.statement_start_offset)/2)+1), qp.query_plan, qs.execution_count, qs.total_logical_reads, qs.last_logical_reads, qs.total_logical_writes, qs.last_logical_writes, qs.total_worker_time, qs.last_worker_time, qs.total_elapsed_time/1000000 total_elapsed_time_in_S, qs.last_elapsed_time/1000000 last_elapsed_time_in_S, qs.last_execution_time FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats qs CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(qs.sql_handle) qt CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan(qs.plan_handle) qp ORDER BY qs.total_logical_reads DESC -- logical reads -- ORDER BY qs.total_logical_writes DESC -- logical writes -- ORDER BY qs.total_worker_time DESC -- CPU time
Пример:
Параллельные планы запросов
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED;
WITH XMLNAMESPACES
(DEFAULT
'http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan')
SELECT
query_plan AS CompleteQueryPlan,
n.value('(@StatementText)[1]', 'VARCHAR(4000)')
AS StatementText, n.value('(@StatementSubTreeCost)[1]',
'VARCHAR(128)') AS StatementSubTreeCost, dm_ecp.usecounts
FROM sys.dm_exec_cached_plans AS dm_ecp
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan(plan_handle) AS dm_eqp
CROSS APPLY query_plan.nodes
('/ShowPlanXML/BatchSequence/Batch/Statements/StmtSimple')
AS qp(n)
WHERE
n.query('.').exist('//RelOp[@PhysicalOp="Parallelism"]') = 1
GO
Пример:
Пример плана запроса:
Статистики ожиданий
В этом запросе исключены незначимые типы ожиданий:
SELECT TOP 10
wait_type ,
max_wait_time_ms wait_time_ms ,
signal_wait_time_ms ,
wait_time_ms - signal_wait_time_ms AS resource_wait_time_ms ,
100.0 * wait_time_ms / SUM(wait_time_ms) OVER ( )
AS percent_total_waits ,
100.0 * signal_wait_time_ms / SUM(signal_wait_time_ms) OVER ( )
AS percent_total_signal_waits ,
100.0 * ( wait_time_ms - signal_wait_time_ms )
/ SUM(wait_time_ms) OVER ( ) AS percent_total_resource_waits
FROM sys.dm_os_wait_stats
WHERE wait_time_ms > 0 -- уберем нулевые задержки
AND wait_type NOT IN
( 'SLEEP_TASK', 'BROKER_TASK_STOP', 'BROKER_TO_FLUSH',
'SQLTRACE_BUFFER_FLUSH','CLR_AUTO_EVENT', 'CLR_MANUAL_EVENT',
'LAZYWRITER_SLEEP', 'SLEEP_SYSTEMTASK', 'SLEEP_BPOOL_FLUSH',
'BROKER_EVENTHANDLER', 'XE_DISPATCHER_WAIT', 'FT_IFTSHC_MUTEX',
'CHECKPOINT_QUEUE', 'FT_IFTS_SCHEDULER_IDLE_WAIT',
'BROKER_TRANSMITTER', 'FT_IFTSHC_MUTEX', 'KSOURCE_WAKEUP',
'LAZYWRITER_SLEEP', 'LOGMGR_QUEUE', 'ONDEMAND_TASK_QUEUE',
'REQUEST_FOR_DEADLOCK_SEARCH', 'XE_TIMER_EVENT', 'BAD_PAGE_PROCESS',
'DBMIRROR_EVENTS_QUEUE', 'BROKER_RECEIVE_WAITFOR',
'PREEMPTIVE_OS_GETPROCADDRESS', 'PREEMPTIVE_OS_AUTHENTICATIONOPS',
'WAITFOR', 'DISPATCHER_QUEUE_SEMAPHORE', 'XE_DISPATCHER_JOIN',
'RESOURCE_QUEUE' )
ORDER BY wait_time_ms DESC
Расшифровка статистик ожиданий
Пример результата:
Следует иметь ввиду, что статистика не сохраняется при перезапуске SQL Server, и все данные накапливаются с момента последнего сброса статистики или перезапуска сервера.
Очистка статистик ожидания:
DBCC SQLPERF(waitstats, CLEAR) GO
Рабочие протоколы
select program_name,net_transport from sys.dm_exec_sessions as t1 left join sys.dm_exec_connections AS t2 ON t1.session_id=t2.session_id where not t1.program_name is null
Пример:
